References | Don's Family & Direct Ancestors Most Ancient of Don's Actual Ancients, Enos ben Seth |
Father* | Edward Plantagenêt, I (the 5th of the 14 Plantagenêt dynasty Kings) (b. 17 June 1239, d. 7 July 1307) |
Mother* | Eleanor, of Castilla-León (b. 18 October 1241, d. 29 November 1290) |
Pedigree Link |
Birth | 1271 | Juliana Plantagenêt was born in 1271 at Palestine, nr IsraelG, in Acre, Galilee, Israel, AsiaG. |
Death | 28 May 1271 | She died on 28 May 1271 at age ~0 at Palestine, nr IsraelG, in Acre, Galilee, Israel, AsiaG. The cause of her death (sadly, as an infant in their 1st year) on Thursday, May 28th, 1271 is not known-surviving in 1271 as an infant was difficult & it occurred in Israel |
Burial | after September 1271 | She was buried after September 1271 at Buried in the cemetery at the Church of the Friars PreachersG in Gironde, Aquitaine, France (Medieval), EuropeG. |
Person Source | Juliana Plantagenêt had person sources.1 |
Last Edited | 9 April 2024 |
Pedigree Link |
Daughter* | Marguerite Margaret, of France+ (b. 1279, d. 14 February 1318) |
Birth | about 1259 | Maria, of Brabant, was born about 1259 at BrabantG in Meuse, Lorraine, France (Medieval), EuropeG. Probable DOB: NFIA / estimated from birth of child; location is inferred from name to improve search data |
Marriage | about 1275 | Philip, III (of France), and she were married about 1275. |
Death | after 1279 | She died after 1279 in Meuse, Lorraine, France (Medieval), EuropeG. The cause of her death (at the presumed age of 20) in the year of 1279 is not known-surviving in 1279 was difficult & it occurred in Medieval France (location not known; used birth place) |
Person Source | Maria, of Brabant, had person sources.1 |
Last Edited | 9 April 2024 |
Father* | Owain Dwnn Tudor, ap Maredudd (of Wales) (b. about 1397, d. 4 February 1461) |
Mother* | Katherine Capet, of Valois (b. 27 October 1401, d. 3 January 1437) |
Pedigree Link |
Son* | Henry Tudor, VII+ (b. 28 January 1457, d. 21 April 1509) |
Birth | 1430 | Edmond Tudor was born in 1430 at HadhamG in County of Bedfordshire, England (Medieval), EuropeG. Source (FamilySearch) has DOB of 11 Jun 1431 and (Web) shows location as "Hertfordshire"1,2 |
Marriage | 1455 | He and Margaret Beaufort were married in 1455 in England (Medieval), EuropeG+. |
Death | 1 November 1456 | He died on 1 November 1456 at age ~26 at Castle CarmarthenshireG in Carmarthen, Carmarthenshire, Wales (Medieval), EuropeG. The cause of his death (at the age of 26) on Saturday, November 1st, 1456 is not known-surviving in 1456 was difficult Died as the Earl of Richmond |
Burial | after November 1456 | He was buried after November 1456 at Buried in an unknown cemeteryG in Saint David's, Pembrokeshire, Wales (Medieval), EuropeG+. |
Note | 13 Generations from Edmund Tudor, son of Catherine and Owen Edmund Tudor (1430-1456) Henry VII Tudor (1457-1509) son of Edmund Tudor queen Margaret of Scotland Tudor (1489-1541) daughter of Henry VII Tudor James V Stewart King of Scotland (1506-1542) son of Queen Margaret of Scotland Tudor James Stewart (1531-1569) son of James V Stewart King of Scotland James Stewart (1568-1592) son of James Stewart Grizel Stewart (1590-1649) daughter of James Stewart William Imams (1645-1703) son of Grizel Stewart George Imams (1676-1763) son of William Imams John jams (1720-1789) son of George Imams Beale jams (1767-1855) son of John jams Beal Rowan Ijames (1809-1888) son of Beale jams Judge Matthew Newberry Ijames (1843-1914) son of Beal Rowan Ijames Ida Clara Ijames (1875-1957) daughter of Judge Matthew Newberry Ijames Raymond William Ferguson (1907-1979) son of Ida Clara Ijames [ source is likely Ray / NFIA ]. | |
Title | before 1456 | Edmond Tudor held the title of Earl of Richmond before 1456. |
Last Edited | 26 March 2024 |
References | Don's Family & Direct Ancestors |
Pedigree Link |
Son* | Richard Pembridge Pembrugge (b. about 1345, d. 26 July 1375) |
Daughter* | Juliana Pembridge+ (b. 1345, d. 26 May 1409) |
Birth | about 1325 | Juliana la Zouche was born about 1325 in Harringworth, Northamptonshire, England (Medieval), EuropeG. |
Death | 2 July 1349 | She died on 2 July 1349 at age ~24 in Harringworth, Northamptonshire, England (Medieval), EuropeG. The cause of her death (at the age of 24) on Wednesday, July 2nd, 1349 is not known-surviving in 1349 was difficult & it occurred in Medieval England (location not known; used birth place) |
Person Source | Juliana la Zouche had person sources.1 |
Last Edited | 9 April 2024 |
References | Don's Family & Direct Ancestors |
Pedigree Link |
Son* | Richard Pembridge Pembrugge (b. about 1345, d. 26 July 1375) |
Daughter* | Juliana Pembridge+ (b. 1345, d. 26 May 1409) |
Birth | about 1314 | Robert Pembridge was born about 1314 in Tong, Shropshire, England (Medieval), EuropeG. |
Death | before 1 August 1350 | He died before 1 August 1350 in Tong, Shropshire, England (Medieval), EuropeG. The cause of his death (at the age of 36) on Saturday, August 1st, 1350 is not known-surviving in 1350 was difficult & it occurred in Medieval England (location not known; used birth place) |
Name | Robert Pembridge was also known as Pembrugge. | |
Person Source | He had person sources.1 |
Last Edited | 9 April 2024 |
References | Don's Family & Direct Ancestors |
Father* | Robert Pembridge (b. about 1314, d. before 1 August 1350) |
Mother* | Juliana la Zouche (b. about 1325, d. 2 July 1349) |
Pedigree Link |
Birth | about 1345 | Richard Pembridge Pembrugge was born about 1345 in County of Shropshire, England (Medieval), EuropeG. |
Death | 26 July 1375 | He died on 26 July 1375 at age ~30 in Leigh, Shropshire, England (Medieval), EuropeG. The cause of his death (at the age of 30) on Wednesday, July 26th, 1375 is not known-surviving in 1375 was difficult & it occurred in Medieval England |
Person Source | Richard Pembridge Pembrugge had person sources.1 |
Last Edited | 9 April 2024 |
Father* | George Abraham Baggs (b. 1836, d. September 1895) |
Mother* | Ellen Bannister (b. about 1837, d. December 1874) |
Pedigree Link |
Birth | about 1865 | Arthur Baggs was born about 1865 in Yarmouth, County of the Isle of Wight, England (United Kingdom), EuropeG.1 |
Death | after 1871 | He died The cause of his death (at a young age of 6) in the year of 1871 is not known after 1871 in Yarmouth, County of the Isle of Wight, England (United Kingdom), EuropeG. His death is not known & it occurred in today's England (location not known; used birth place) |
Residence | 1871 | Arthur Baggs lived at St. Mary ExtraG+, in Portsea, Hampshire, England (United Kingdom), EuropeG, in 1871. Age: 6; Relation to Head of House: Son |
Last Edited | 25 April 2023 |
Pedigree Link |
Son* | Thomas Mausell Titmuss+ (b. about 1810, d. after 1871) |
Birth | about 1790 | William Titmuss was born about 1790. |
Death | after 1810 | He died The cause of his death (at the presumed age of 20) in the year of 1810 is not known after 1810 at This global place was used as neither death nor birth locations are knownG in A Conceptual Continent that surrounds the Region of OceaniaG+. His death is not known; as neither death or birth location are known, used the conceptual continent |
Person Source | William Titmuss had person sources.1 |
Last Edited | 9 April 2024 |
References | Don's Family & Direct Ancestors |
Father* | John Woodrow (b. 1700, d. 13 January 1767) |
Mother* | Mary Easter (b. 1709, d. 20 February 1779) |
Pedigree Link |
Birth | 1740 | George Woodrow was born in 1740 in Bere Regis, Dorsetshire, England (Kingdom of Great Britain), EuropeG. |
Death | April 1794 | He died in April 1794 at age ~54 in Turners Puddle, Dorsetshire, England (Kingdom of Great Britain), EuropeG. The cause of his death (at the age of 54) in April, 1794 is not known-surviving in 1794 was difficult & it occurred in the Kingdom of Great Britain |
Person Source | George Woodrow had person sources.1 |
Last Edited | 9 April 2024 |
References | Don's Family & Direct Ancestors |
Father* | George Woodrow (b. 1668, d. after 1733) |
Mother* | Dorothy Miller (b. 1675, d. after 1711) |
Pedigree Link |
Birth | 9 April 1708 | Francis Miller Woodrow was born on 9 April 1708 in Bere Regis, Dorsetshire, England (Kingdom of Great Britain), EuropeG. |
Death | March 1741/42 | He died in March 1741/42 at age 33 in Bere Regis, Dorsetshire, England (Kingdom of Great Britain), EuropeG. The cause of his death (at the age of 33) in March, 1741 is not known-surviving in 1741 was difficult & it occurred in the Kingdom of Great Britain (location not known; used birth place) |
Person Source | Francis Miller Woodrow had person sources.1 |
Last Edited | 9 April 2024 |
References | Don's Family & Direct Ancestors |
Father* | George Woodrow (b. 1668, d. after 1733) |
Mother* | Dorothy Miller (b. 1675, d. after 1711) |
Pedigree Link |
Birth | 1695 | George Woodrow was born in 1695 in Affpuddle, Dorsetshire, England (Tudor), EuropeG. |
Death | 1760 | He died in 1760 at age ~65 in Bere Regis, Dorsetshire, England (Kingdom of Great Britain), EuropeG. The cause of his death (at the age of 65) in the year of 1760 is not known-surviving in 1760 was difficult & it occurred in England of the Kingdom of Great Britain |
Person Source | George Woodrow had person sources.1 |
Last Edited | 9 April 2024 |
Pedigree Link |
Last Edited | 11 May 2024 |
References | Most Ancient of Don's Actual Ancients, Enos ben Seth |
Father* | Robert Smith, III (Sandy's 17th GGF) (b. 1460, d. 1520) |
Mother* | Maude Page, Sandy's 17th GGM, the last in this branch (b. 1470, d. 1527) |
Pedigree Link |
Birth | 1490 | John Smith was born in 1490 in County of Yorkshire, England (Tudor), EuropeG+. |
Death | 1535 | He died in 1535 at age ~45 in England (Tudor), EuropeG+. The cause of his death (at the age of 45) in the year of 1535 is not known-surviving in 1535 was difficult & it occurred in Tudor England |
Name | John Smith was also known as Smythe. | |
Historical fact | He Esquire. | |
Person Source | He had person sources.1 |
Last Edited | 9 April 2024 |
References | Don's Family & Direct Ancestors Most Ancient of Don's Actual Ancients, Enos ben Seth |
Father* | William Beauclerc, I; Don's 27th GGF (b. 14 October 1024, d. 9 September 1087) |
Mother* | Matilda Maud Baudouin, Don's 27th GGM (in another branch) (b. 24 November 1031, d. 2 November 1083) |
Pedigree Link |
Birth | 1052 | Sibylla Beauclerc, of Normandië, was born in 1052 at Francia (in Spanish)G in France (Medieval), EuropeG+. |
Death | 9 September 1087 | She died on 9 September 1087 at age ~35 in Hermenbraville, South Infr, France (Medieval), EuropeG. The cause of her death (at the age of 35) on Friday, September 9th, 1087 is not known-surviving in 1087 was difficult & it occurred in Medieval France |
Person Source | Sibylla Beauclerc, of Normandië, had person sources.1 |
Last Edited | 2 December 2024 |
References | Don's Family & Direct Ancestors |
Father* | Helias, of Maine (b. 1060, d. 11 July 1110) |
Mother* | Mathilde, of the Château du Loire (b. 1055, d. March 1099) |
Pedigree Link |
Son* | Baldwin d'Anjou (b. about 1093, d. 1163) |
Daughter* | Sybilla d'Anjou (b. 1105, d. 1165) |
Daughter* | Matilda d'Anjou (b. 1106, d. 10 September 1169) |
Daughter* | Isabella d'Anjou (b. 1106, d. 1154) |
Daughter* | Alice d'Anjou, of Fontevrault (b. 1107, d. 1154) |
Daughter* | (Daughter) d'Anjou (b. 1109, d. 1165) |
Son* | Helie d'Anjou (b. 1110, d. 15 January 1150) |
Son* | Elias d'Anjou, II (b. 1111, d. 15 January 1150) |
Son* | Geoffroy d'Anjou, V; Don's 25th GGF (in another branch) and the creator of the Plantagenêt dynasty+ (b. 24 August 1113, d. 7 September 1151) |
Son* | Almaric d'Anjou (b. 1126, d. 11 July 1174) |
Birth | about 1073 | Ermengarde, of Maine, was born about 1073 at Maine-de-BoixeG, in Charente, Poitou-Charentes, France (Medieval), EuropeG.1,2 |
Marriage | 11 July 1110 | Fulk d'Anjou, V (Foulques in French), and she were married on 11 July 1110 at Maine-de-BoixeG, in Charente, Poitou-Charentes, France (Medieval), EuropeG.2 |
Death | 15 January 1126 | She died on 15 January 1126 at age ~53 at Maine-de-BoixeG, in Charente, Poitou-Charentes, France (Medieval), EuropeG. The cause of her death (at the age of 53) on Friday, January 15th, 1126 is not known-surviving in 1126 was difficult Died as the Lady of Château-du-Loir and the Countess of Anjou and of Maine, possibly due to birth of her child, Almaric |
Name | Ermengarde, of Maine, was also known as Eremburge Erembourg, de la Flèche / Beaugency. | |
Note | [ from an HTML file ] Ermengarde was Countess of Maine and the Lady of Château-du-Loir from 1110 to 1126. She was the daughter of Elias I of Maine, Count of Maine, and Mathilda of Château-du-Loire. She died in 1126, on either the 15th January or the 12 October In 1109 she married Fulk V of Anjou, thereby finally bringing Maine under Angevin control; after her death, Fulk left his lands to their son Geoffrey, and set out for the Holy Land, where he married Melisende of Jerusalem and became King of Jerusalem She gave birth to: Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou(d. 1151) Elias II of Maine(d. 1151) Matilda of Anjou (d. 1154), who married William Adelin, the son and heir to Henry I of England Sibylla of Anjou (d. 1165), who married in 1121 to William Clito, and then (after an annulment in 1124) to Thierry, Count of Flanders. | |
Person Source | She had person sources.3 | |
Title | from 11 July 1110 to 15 January 1126 | She held the title of Countess of Anjou and of Maine; Lady of Château-du-Loir from 11 July 1110 to 15 January 1126 in France (Medieval), EuropeG+. |
Last Edited | 15 May 2023 |
References | Don's Family & Direct Ancestors |
Father* | John Francis Smythe, of Englefield (b. 1436, d. 26 February 1464) |
Mother* | Joane Milbourne, of Tillington (b. 1436, d. 1498) |
Pedigree Link |
Son* | William Thomas Inglefield (b. about 1475, d. after 1475) |
Son* | Thomas Smythe, II (of Englefield) (b. about 1469, d. 28 September 1537) |
Daughter* | Elizabeth Smythe, of Englefield, Don's 14th GGM (in another branch)+ (b. about 1473, d. 1548) |
Son* | Richard Smythe, of Englefield (b. 1474, d. 28 September 1537) |
Daughter* | Anne Smythe, of Englefield (b. 1478, d. 1548) |
Daughter* | Margaret Smythe, of Englefield (b. 1480, d. 1556) |
Daughter* | Elinor Smythe, of Englefield (b. 1482, d. 1556) |
Daughter* | Joane Smythe, of Englefield (b. 1494, d. 1518) |
Birth | 1455 | Thomas Smythe, of Englefield {tagged} research family, was born in 1455 in Englefield, Berkshire, England (Medieval), EuropeG. |
Marriage | 1487 | He and Margery d'Anvers were married in 1487 at Englefield Parish ChurchG in Englefield, Berkshire, England (Tudor), EuropeG.1 |
Death | 4 March 1514 | He died on 4 March 1514 at age ~59 in Englefield, Berkshire, England (Tudor), EuropeG. The cause of his death (at the age of 59) on Wednesday, March 4th, 1514 is not known-surviving in 1514 was difficult Died as a Sir, a Knight and as a Speaker of the House of Commons |
Burial | after 4 March 1514 | He was buried after 4 March 1514 at Buried in an unknown cemeteryG in Englefield, Berkshire, England (Tudor), EuropeG. |
Name | Thomas Smythe, of Englefield {tagged} research family, was also known as Smythe, of Inglefield. | |
Note | Refer to WebLink. | |
Web Address | He shares a website (or access to one) that has source data here: http://our-royal-titled-noble-and-commoner-ancestors.com/p1580.htm#i47499 | |
Historical fact | He Esquire. | |
Person Source | He had person sources.2,3,4 | |
Title | after 1455 | He held the title of Knight; Sir after 1455 in England (Medieval), EuropeG+. |
Title | before 1514 | He held the title of Speaker of the House of Commons before 1514 in Region of Greater London, England (Tudor), EuropeG+. |
Last Edited | 9 May 2023 |
References | Don's Family & Direct Ancestors Most Ancient of Don's Actual Ancients, Enos ben Seth |
Father* | William Beauclerc, I; Don's 27th GGF (b. 14 October 1024, d. 9 September 1087) |
Mother* | Matilda Maud Baudouin, Don's 27th GGM (in another branch) (b. 24 November 1031, d. 2 November 1083) |
Pedigree Link |
Birth | 1047 | Robert Beauclerc, II of Normandië (from his grandfather), was born in 1047 in Normandië, France (Medieval), EuropeG. |
Marriage | 1075 | He and Agnes de Ribemont were married in 1075. Duke Robert had two illegitimate children by his mistress Agnes (they were not married) RICHARD b: 1079/80 d: killed in the New Forest before Aug 1100 His parentage is stated by Orderic Vitalis Florence of Worcester records that "suus fratruelis Ricardus comitis…Normannorum Rotberti filius" had also been killed in the New Forest a short time before, killed by an arrow shot by one of his knights When recording the death of his paternal uncle, William II King of England, William of Malmesbury records that "Richard, son of Robert earl of Normandy" was killed in the New Forest "by a wound in the neck, or as some say, from being suspended by the jaws on the branch of a tree as his horse passed beneath it" Orderic Vitalis also specifies that the accident occurred in the New Forest GUILLAUME (William) b: 1079/80 d: killed in battle Jerusalem in 1111 His parentage is stated by Orderic Vitalis He left for Jerusalem after his father's defeat in 1106 Albert of Aix records the participation of "Willelmum…filium Roberti Normannorum principis" at the siege of Sidon, at which he was ordered to Jerusalem for reinforcements by King Baudouin I before leading a major attack on Arab positions in the trans-Jordan area, dated tAug 1108 Albert of Aix records that he was placed in command of Tortosa after the town was captured by Bertrand Count of Tripoli in 1110 Albert of Aix records that "…Willelmus…filius comitis Nortmannorum, dominium habens civitatis Tortosæ…" joined the campaign against the Turks who marched against Antioch, dated 1110/11 from the context |
Marriage | 1099 | He and Sibilla di Conversano were married in 1099. |
Death | 10 February 1133 | He died on 10 February 1133 at age ~86 in Cardiff, Glamorganshire (Morgannwg), Wales (MiddleAges part of Anglo-Saxon Britain), EuropeG. The cause of his death as the Duke of Normandië at the age of 86 on Friday, February 10th, 1133 is not known-surviving in 1133 was difficult1 |
Burial | after 10 February 1133 | He was buried after 10 February 1133 at Buried in an unknown cemeteryG in Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England (Medieval), EuropeG.1 |
Name | Robert Beauclerc, II of Normandië (from his grandfather), was also known as Curt Hose. | |
Note | Robert Beauclerc II of Normandië (c. 1051 – 3 February 1134) was named from his grandfather https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Curthose [ view an extract at the end ] He was the eldest son of William the Conqueror, the first Norman King of England and Matilda of Flanders; he succeeded his father upon his death as the Duke of Normandy in 1087, reigning until 1106 As a child he was betrothed to Margaret, the heiress of Maine, but she died before they could be wed, and Robert did not marry until his late forties (Sybilla) In his youth, he was reported to be courageous and skillful in militarily exercises. He was, however, also prone to a laziness and weakness of character that discontented nobles and the King of France exploited to stir discord with his father William. He was unsatisfied with the share of power allotted him, and quarreled with his father and brothers fiercely --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Robert’s reign as the Duke of Normandy is noted for the discord with his brothers William II and Henry I in Medieval England, where he had mortgaged his duchy to finance his participation in the First Crusade where he was an important commander, eventually leading to his defeat in battle and lifelong captivity with the absorption of Normandy as a possession of England and as an unsuccessful claimant to the throne of England ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- In 1077, he instigated his first insurrection against his father as the result of a prank played by his younger brothers William Rufus and Henry, who had dumped fetid water on him Robert was enraged and urged on by his companions, started a brawl with his brothers that was only interrupted by the intercession of their father. Feeling that his dignity was wounded, Robert was further angered when King William failed to punish his brothers The next day Robert and his followers attempted to seize the castle of Rouen. The siege failed, but when King William ordered their arrest, Robert and his companions took refuge with Hugh of Châteauneuf-en-Thymerais. They were forced to flee again when King William attacked their base at Remalard Robert fled to his uncle's court in Flanders before plundering the county of the Vexin and causing such mayhem that his father, King William, allied himself with King Philip I of France to stop his rebellious son. Relations were not helped when King William discovered that Robert's mother, Queen Matilda, was secretly sending money to her son ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- At a battle in January of 1079, Robert unhorsed King William in combat and succeeded in wounding him, stopping his attack only when he recognized his father's voice. Humiliated, King William cursed his son, then raised the siege and returned to Rouen ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- At Easter in 1080, father and son were reunited by the efforts of Queen Matilda, and a truce lasted until 1083 Robert seems to have left court shortly after the death of his mother and spent several years traveling throughout France, Germany and Flanders. He visited Italy seeking the hand of the great heiress Matilda of Tuscany but was unsuccessful. During this period as a wandering knight, Robert sired several illegitimate children – Richard, who died hunting in the New Forest in May 1100, a son William (a full brother of Richard), and a daughter who married Helias of Saint-Saens. His son, Richard, seems to have spent much of his life at the royal court of his uncle, William Rufus William Clito, was born 25 October 1102 and became heir to the Duchy of Normandy. William Clito was unlucky all his life; his attempts to invade Normandy failed twice (1119 and 1125), his first marriage to a daughter of the Count of Anjou was annulled by his uncle's machinations, and even his late inheritance of the county of Flanders was mishandled. William Clito died in 1128 leaving no issue, thus leaving the field clear in the Norman succession (at least until the death of Henry I) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- William went to the Holy Land after 1106 and was named lord of Tortosa, but disappears from the historical record after 1110 Immediate Family: Son of William "the Conqueror", king of England and Matilda of Flanders Husband of Sybilla of Conversano, Duchess Consort of Normandy Fiancé of Marguerite du Maine, Betrothed Partner of Concubine #1, of Robert "Cuthose" Duke of Normandy and Agnes Giffard Father of Henry of Normandy; William Clito; IIlegitimate daughter of Robert "Curthose" Duke of Normandy; William de Normandy, Lord of Tortosa and Sir Richard the Niger (illegitimate) Brother of Adelizia de Normandie, Princess of England William II "Rufus", King of England Cecilia, Abbess of Holy Trinity Richard Agathe de Normandie, Princess of England Constance, Duchess Consort of Brittany Adela, Countess of Blois Matilda and Henry I "Beauclerc", King of England Occupation: Duke of Normandy (Sep. 9, 1087 - 1106) Duke of Bernay, Herig av Normandie Comte du Maine, duc de Normandie ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- [ website extract: same date, differing order ] Robert Curthose (c.?1051 – February 1134, French: Robert Courteheuse), was the eldest son of William the Conqueror and succeeded his father as Robert II of Normandy in 1087, reigning until 1106 Robert was also an unsuccessful pretender to the throne of the Kingdom of England. The epithet "Curthose" originated in the Norman French word courtheuse ("short stockings"). The chroniclers William of Malmesbury and Orderic Vitalis wrote that his father had derisively called him brevis-ocrea ("short boot") Robert's reign is noted for the discord with his brothers William II and Henry I in England. He mortgaged his duchy to finance his participation in the First Crusade, where he was an important commander. In 1106, his disagreements with Henry led to defeat in the Battle of Tinchebray and lifelong captivity, with Normandy temporarily absorbed into England's possession. Early life Robert was the eldest son of William the Conqueror, the first Norman king of England and Matilda of Flanders Estimates of Robert's birth-date range between 1051 and 1053 As a child he was betrothed to Margaret, the heiress of Maine, but she died before they could be wed, and Robert did not marry until his late forties. In his youth he was courageous and skillful in military exercises. He was also prone to laziness and weakness of character that discontented nobles and the King of France exploited to stir discord with his father. He was unsatisfied with the share of power allotted to him and quarreled with his father and brothers fiercely. In 1063, his father made him the Count of Maine in view of his engagement to Margaret, and Robert may have ruled independently in Maine. The county remained under Norman control until 1069, when the county revolted and reverted to Hugh V of Maine. In 1077, Robert instigated his first insurrection against his father as the result of a prank played by his younger brothers William Rufus and Henry, who had dumped a full chamber pot over his head. Robert was enraged and, urged on by his companions, started a brawl with his brothers that was only interrupted by the intercession of their father. Feeling that his dignity was wounded, Robert was further angered when King William failed to punish his brothers. The next day Robert and his followers attempted to seize the castle of Rouen. The siege failed, but, when King William ordered their arrest, Robert and his companions took refuge with Hugh of Chateauneuf-en-Thymerais. They were forced to flee again when King William attacked their base at Rémalard. Exile This section needs additional citations for verification. (December 2022) Robert fled to Flanders to the court of his uncle Robert I, Count of Flanders before plundering the county of the Vexin and causing such mayhem that his father, King William, allied himself with King Philip I of France to stop his rebellious son. Relations were not helped when King William discovered that his wife, Robert's mother Queen Matilda, was secretly sending him money. At a battle in January 1079, Robert is said to have unhorsed King William in combat and succeeded in wounding him, only stopping his attack when he recognized his father's voice. Humiliated, King William cursed his son. King William then raised the siege and returned to Rouen At Easter 1080, father and son were reunited by the efforts of Queen Matilda, and a truce between the two lasted until she died in 1083. Robert seems to have left court soon after the death of his mother and spent several years traveling throughout France, Germany, and Flanders. He visited Italy seeking the hand of the great heiress Matilda of Tuscany (b. 1046) but was unsuccessful. During this period as a wandering knight Robert sired several illegitimate children. His son Richard seems to have spent much of his life at the royal court of his uncle William Rufus. This Richard was killed in a hunting accident in the New Forest in 1100, as was his uncle, King William Rufus, the same year. An illegitimate daughter was later married to Helias of Saint-Saens. Reign as Duke of Normandy Robert Curthose during the Siege of Antioch, as imagined by Jean-Joseph Dassy In 1087, the elder William died of wounds suffered from a riding accident during a siege of Mantes. At his death he reportedly wanted to disinherit his eldest son but was persuaded to instead divide the Norman dominions between his two eldest sons. To Robert he granted the Duchy of Normandy and to William Rufus he granted the Kingdom of England. The youngest son, Henry, was given money to buy land. Of the two elder sons Robert was considered to be much weaker and was generally preferred by the nobles who held lands on both sides of the English Channel since they could more easily circumvent his authority When their father died, the two brothers agreed to be each other's heirs. This agreement lasted less than a year, when barons joined with Robert to displace Rufus in the Rebellion of 1088. It failed in part because Robert never showed up to support the English rebels. Robert took on Ranulf Flambard as his adviser, who had been previously a close adviser to his father. Flambard later became an astute but much-disliked financial adviser to William Rufus until the latter's death in 1100. First Crusade and return In 1096, Robert formed an army and left Normandy to join the First Crusade to aid the Byzantine Empire against the Seljuk Turks and travel to Jerusalem. To raise money for the crusade he mortgaged his duchy to his brother William for the sum of 10,000 marks. A map of the Mediterranean, with the routes of Hugh I of Vermandois, Godfrey of Bouillon, Bohemond of Taranto, Raymond IV of Toulouse, Robert Curthose, and Baldwin of Boulogne highlighted. The major Christian and Muslim empires at the time of the crusade are also highlighted. Major battles in Asia Minor are marked. Robert joined forces with his brother-in-law, count Stephen of Blois, and traveled together to Italy where he stayed during the winter of 1096/97. It is then that he most likely met his future wife, Sybil of Conversano, daughter of the wealthy Norman count of Conversano, Geoffrey, and according to Orderic he fell in love with her Robert and Stephen were the last leading nobles to arrive at the gathering point in Constantinople but were welcomed with respect by Emperor Alexios and memories of Robert's grandfather's visit to Constantinople during his pilgrimage to Jerusalem. Both then swore, as had the other crusading leaders except for count Raymond of Toulouse, an oath to restore all cities that had been in Byzantine possession to Alexios and honor his superior status In the first week of June 1097 Robert and Stephen joined the main forces of the crusading army who at this point were besieging Nicea which was successfully conquered on the 19th of June. Robert then participated in all further military ventures during the crusade and was among the remaining crusading forces that took Jerusalem in July 1099. He also took part in the final battle of the crusade at Ascalon on August 12. The fulfillment of his crusader vows was a personal triumph for Robert: he had shown military skills as well as the ability to mediate between different factions in the crusading forces. Robert left the Holy Land around September 1099 and returned via Constantinople, where Emperor Alexios showered him with gifts and offered him to enter into the service of the Byzantine Empire, but Robert declined. Instead, he traveled again to Southern Italy where he wintered again and married Sybil which also brought him a big dowry which enabled him to raise the necessary funds to buy back his duchy. When William II died on 2 August 1100 and Robert was still on the return journey and absent from Normandy, his brother Henry was able to seize the crown of England for himself. Upon his return, Robert—urged by Flambard and several Anglo-Norman barons—claimed the English crown, on the basis of the short-lived agreement of 1087, and in 1101 led an invasion to oust his brother Henry. He landed at Portsmouth with his army, but the lack of popular support among the English (Anselm, the archbishop of Canterbury, was decidedly against him and the Charter of Liberties issued at Henry's coronation was well-liked) as well as Robert's own mishandling of the invasion tactics enabled Henry to resist the invasion. Robert was forced by diplomacy to renounce his claim to the English throne in the Treaty of Alton. Orderic claimed that Robert squandered his wealth and became so poor that he had nothing to wear, but this seems unlikely given that Robert would have been reduced to penury so short after his return and might rather refer to his pre-Crusade persona. Imprisonment and death In 1105, Robert's continual stirring of discord with his brother in England, as well as civil disorder in Normandy, prompted Henry to invade Normandy. Orderic reports on an incident at Easter 1105 when Robert was supposed to hear a sermon by the venerable Serlo, Bishop of Sées. Robert spent the night before sporting with harlots and jesters, and while he lay in bed sleeping off his drunkenness his unworthy friends stole his clothes. He awoke to find himself naked and had to remain in bed and missed the sermon. In 1106, Henry defeated Robert's army decisively at the Battle of Tinchebray and claimed Normandy as a possession of the English crown, a situation that endured for almost a century. Captured after the battle, Robert was imprisoned in Devizes Castle in Wiltshire for twenty years before being moved to Cardiff. In 1134, Robert died in Cardiff Castle in his early eighties. Robert Curthose, sometime Duke of Normandy, eldest son of the Conqueror, was buried in the abbey church of St Peter in Gloucester. The exact place of his burial is difficult to establish—legend states that he requested to be buried before the High Altar. His effigy carved in bog oak adorns a mortuary chest decorated with the attributed arms of the Nine Worthies (missing one—Joshua, and replaced with the arms of Edward the Confessor). The effigy dates from about 100 years after his death and the mortuary chest much later. The church subsequently became Gloucester Cathedral. Descendants Robert married Sybilla of Conversano, daughter of Geoffrey of Brindisi, Count of Conversano (and a grandniece of Robert Guiscard, another Norman duke) on the way back from Crusade; they had one child: William Clito, was born 25 October 1102 and became heir to the Duchy of Normandy. William Clito was unlucky all his life; his attempts to invade Normandy failed twice (1119 and 1125), his first marriage to a daughter of the Count of Anjou was annulled by his uncle's machinations, and even his late inheritance of the county of Flanders was mishandled. William Clito died in 1128 leaving no issue, thus leaving the field clear in the Norman succession (at least until the death of Henry I). Sybilla, who was admired and often praised by chroniclers of the time, died shortly after the birth of her son. William of Malmesbury says she died as a result of binding her breasts too tightly; both Robert of Torigny and Orderic Vitalis suggest she was murdered by a cabal of noblewomen led by her husband's mistress, Agnes Giffard. Robert also had at least three illegitimate children–Richard, who died hunting in the New Forest in May 1100; William, a full brother of Richard; and a daughter, who married Helias of Saint-Saens. William went to the Holy Land after 1106 and was named lord of Tortosa, but disappears from the historical record after 1110. Notes "Soon after the birth of her (Sibyl's) only child, William the Clito, she died at Rouen, and was buried, amid universal sorrow, in the cathedral church, Archbishop of William Bonne-Ame performing the obsequies." Like his uncles Richard, who died earlier, and William Rufus, who died later in the same year. References Keats-Rohan, K. S. B. (2006). "Robert Curthose (d. 1134)". In The Crusades – An Encyclopedia. pp. 1041–1042. Bates 2016, p. 171. Aird 2008, p. 26. Aird 2008, pp. 43–44. Aird 2008, p. 68. Jessee 2000, p. 92. Thompson 2002, p. 41. David 1920, pp. 17–41. David 1920, pp. 42–118. Aird 2008, p. 191. Aird 2008, p. 171. Aird 2008, p. 172. Aird 2008, p. 173. Aird 2008, pp. 189–190. Aird 2008, p. 189. Vaughn 1994, p. 268. Aird 2008, p. 204. David 1920, pp. 117–189. David 1920, p. 146. Lack 2007, p. 153. Aird 2008, pp. 96–97. Aird 2008, p. 126. Aird 2008, p. 193 note 17. Works cited Aird, William H. (2008). Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy c. 1050–1134. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. ISBN 978-1-8438-3660-5. Bates, David (2016). William the Conqueror. Yale University Press. David, Charles Wendell (1920). Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy (Reprint of original ed.). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN 1-4326-9296-8. Jessee, W. Scott (2000). Robert the Burgundian and the Counts of Anjou, Ca. 1025–1098. The Catholic University of America Press. Lack, Katherine (2007). Conqueror's Son: Duke Robert Curthose, Thwarted King. Sutton Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7509-4566-0. Thompson, Kathleen (2002). Power and Border Lordship in Medieval France: The County of the Perche, 1000–1226. The Boydell Press. Vaughn, Sally N. (1994). "Anselm in Italy". Anglo-Norman Studies Proceedings of the Battle Conference. 16: 245–270. ISBN 978-0-8511-5366-7. Retrieved 1 February 2023. Further reading Barlow, Frank (1983). William Rufus. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-5200-4936-9. OCLC 8954468. Green, Judith (2000). "Robert Curthose Reassessed". In Harper-Bill, Christopher (ed.). Anglo-Norman studies XXII: proceedings of the Battle Conference 1999. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. pp. 95–116. ISBN 978-0-8511-5796-2. OCLC 45238208. Also OCLC 247394557 Mooers, Stephanie L (Fall 1981). "'Backers and Stabbers': Problems of Loyalty in Robert Curthose's Entourage". Journal of British Studies. 21 (1): 1–17. doi:10.1086/385779. S2CID 144728251. | |
Person Source | He had person sources.2,1 | |
Title | after 1047 | He held the title of Duke of Normandië after 1047. |
Military | between 1096 and 1099 | He served in the military Commander, First Crusade between 1096 and 1099. In 1096 Richard pawned off the region of Normandy to William so he could be joined to the First Crusade of Pope Urban II In 1096, the Duke heard Pope Urban's call for a great Crusade to set the Holy Land free from the Infidels who ruled it. Rashly, the Duke pawned Normandy to Rufus to raise funds for the adventure. A document was also signed by Rufus and the Duke to the effect that if either were to die childless, each would succeed to his brother's estates. (from the novel: "A Head for Poisoning", by Simon Beaufort, 1999: Historical Note in back of book) Then the Crusade was over, and Jerusalem had been wrested from the control of the Saracens & it occurred in Christian hands. The Duke began his return to Normandy. The journey took some time, since the Duke, never one to decline enjoyment, was persuaded to remain for several months as the honoured guest of the rich and powerful Geoffrey of Conversano. The Duke married Geoffrey's daughter, and the dowry she brought him was ample to pay off the mortgage and reclaim Normandy from Rufus. (from the novel: "A Head for Poisoning", by Simon Beaufort, 1999: Historical Note in back of book) In 1106 his brother, Henry I, seized Normandy from Robert, and imprisoned him for life. (The Oxford Illustrated History of the British Monarchy,by J. Cannon & R. Griffiths, 1988) Henry set out to wrest Normandy from his brother. After a series of battles, Duke Robert was captured and condemned to spend the rest of his life in an English prison. He died 28 years later in Cardiff Castle at the age of 80. (from the novel: "A Head for Poisoning", by Simon Beaufort, 1999: Historical Note in back of book) |
Last Edited | 9 January 2025 |
References | Don's Family & Direct Ancestors |
Pedigree Link |
Daughter* | Maria Robbins+ (b. about 1809, d. October 1874) |
Birth | about 1770 | Esther Littleton was born about 1770 in County of Dorsetshire, England (Kingdom of Great Britain), EuropeG. |
Marriage | about 1809 | John Robbins and she were married about 1809. Date is based on birth of child |
Death | 1848 | She died The cause of her death (at the age of 78) in the year of 1848 is not known in 1848 at age ~78 in Melcomb Regis, County of Dorset, England (United Kingdom), EuropeG. Her death is not known & it occurred in today's England |
Person Source | Esther Littleton had person sources.1 |
Last Edited | 9 April 2024 |
Father* | John Eales (b. 1782, d. 1866) |
Mother* | Abigail (b. about 1784, d. March 1878) |
Pedigree Link |
Birth | 1840 | Jesse Eales was born in 1840 in Tetsworth, Oxfordshire, England (United Kingdom), EuropeG. |
Death | 10 September 1911 | He died The cause of his death (at the age of 71) on Sunday, September 10th, 1911 is not known on 10 September 1911 at age ~71 in Yallock, Region of Victoria, Australia, OceaniaG. His death is not known & it occurred in Australia |
Person Source | Jesse Eales had person sources.1 |
Last Edited | 9 April 2024 |
Father* | James Apps (b. 1831, d. after 1881) |
Mother* | Deborah Brooker (b. 1834, d. after 1881) |
Pedigree Link |
Son* | James A. Apps (b. about 1878, d. after 1891) |
Son* | John Apps (b. 1878, d. after 1878) |
Son* | William Apps (b. about 1880, d. after 1901) |
Daughter* | Louisa Apps (b. about 1882, d. after 1901) |
Son* | Benjamin J. Apps (b. 1885, d. after 1885) |
Son* | John Benjamin Apps+ (b. 1887, d. 19 May 1938) |
Son* | Thomas Apps (b. about 1889, d. after 1901) |
Son* | George Apps (b. about 1890, d. after 1911) |
Son* | Henry Apps (b. 15 October 1892, d. after 1912) |
Daughter* | Rose Apps (b. about 1895, d. after 1911) |
Daughter* | Phoebe Apps (b. about 1896, d. after 1901) |
Son* | Frank Apps (b. about 1897, d. after 1911) |
Son* | Albert James Apps (b. about 1898, d. after 8 September 1901) |
Son* | Richard Charles Peter Apps (b. 8 May 1899, d. after 1899) |
Son* | Prince Apps (b. about 1900, d. after 1901) |
Son* | Arthur Apps (b. about 1901, d. after 1911) |
Son* | Charles Apps (b. about 1904, d. after 1911) |
Birth | January 1858 | James Apps was born in January 1858 in Detton Common, County of Kent, England (United Kingdom), EuropeG.1,2,3,4,5 |
Marriage | 14 August 1876 | He and Elizabeth Alexander were married on 14 August 1876 at Church of Saint Jude in Bethnal GreenG in Borough of Tower Hamlets, Region of Greater London, England (United Kingdom), EuropeG+.6,4 |
Death | March 1931 | He died The cause of his death (at the age of 73) in March, 1931 is not known in March 1931 at age 73 in Parish of Stepney, Region of Greater London, England (United Kingdom), EuropeG+. His death is not known & it occurred in today's England |
Person Source | James Apps had person sources.7 | |
Residence | 1861 | He lived in Ditton, County of Kent, England (United Kingdom), EuropeG, in 1861. Relationship: Grandson |
Residence | 1881 | He lived at Mile End Old TownG in District of Mile End, Region of Greater London, England (United Kingdom), EuropeG+, in 1881. Marital Status: Married; Relationship to Head: Son8 |
Residence | 1891 | He lived in Borough of Bromley, Region of Greater London, England (United Kingdom), EuropeG+, in 1891. Resource event had no description; added / NFIA |
Residence | 1901 | He lived at Mile End Old TownG in District of Mile End, Region of Greater London, England (United Kingdom), EuropeG+, in 1901. Resource event had no description; added / NFIA |
Residence | 2 April 1911 | He lived at Mile End Old TownG in District of Mile End, Region of Greater London, England (United Kingdom), EuropeG+, on 2 April 1911. Resource event had no description; added / NFIA |
Last Edited | 25 April 2023 |
References | Don's Family & Direct Ancestors Most Ancient of Don's Actual Ancients, Enos ben Seth |
Father* | Henry Plantagenêt, III (the 4th of the 14 Plantagenêt dynasty Kings) (b. 1 October 1207, d. 16 November 1272) |
Mother* | Eleanor Berengar, {Tagged} Research Children (b. about 1217, d. 24 June 1291) |
Pedigree Link |
Birth | about 1230 | Isabel Plantagenêt was born about 1230 in Winchester, Hampshire, England (Medieval), EuropeG. |
Death | 1 December 1241 | She died on 1 December 1241 at age ~11 in Foggia, Puglia, Italy, EuropeG. The cause of her death (as a pre-teen aged 11) on Sunday, December 1st, 1241 is not known-surviving in 1241 as a pre-teen was difficult Died as the Empress of Germany |
Person Source | Isabel Plantagenêt had person sources.1 | |
Title | after 1230 | She held the title of Empress of Germany after 1230. |
Last Edited | 9 April 2024 |
Pedigree Link |
Son* | John Spencer, II+ (b. 1505, d. 9 June 1558) |
Son* | Thomas Spencer (b. about 1509, d. 1547) |
Birth | 1480 | Ann Gerrard was born in 1480 in Edworth, Bedfordshire, England (Medieval), EuropeG. |
Marriage | 1502 | John Spencer, I, and she were married in 1502 in Edworth, Bedfordshire, England (Tudor), EuropeG. |
Death | 1509 | She died in 1509 at age ~29 in Edworth, Bedfordshire, England (Tudor), EuropeG. The cause of her death (at the age of 29) in the year of 1509 is not known-surviving in 1509 was difficult & it occurred in Tudor England |
Person Source | Ann Gerrard had person sources.1 |
Last Edited | 9 April 2024 |